International Birth Control Politics: The Evolution of a Catholic Contraceptive Debate in Latin America

Abstract

Official Catholic opposition to contraception has long been portrayed as a stand that is based in antiquated doctrine and “out of touch” with society and its problems. In fact, Catholic arguments often have been less devoted to doctrine and more reflective of concerns for social justice and human rights. This was certainly the case in Latin America, as international birth control programs evolved in the mid to late 20th century. Programs were targeted at developing nations like those in Latin America which were experiencing what was termed a “population explosion.” This article describes how, in this primarily Catholic region, Catholic authorities responded to population policy, arguing that overpopulation should not be considered the primary cause of economic strife, nor should birth control be promoted as the solution.